Wasting and its associated factors among children aged from 6 to 59 months in Debre Tabor town, Amhara region of Ethiopia, 2019: a multicentre community-based cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: Wasting is acute malnutrition that has harmful short-term consequences for children and is determined by an inadequate diet. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of wasting among children aged 6-59 months in Debre Tabor town, Ethiopia. DESIGN: This study was a community-based cross-sectional. SETTING: The study was conducted at Debre Tabor town, Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 436 children aged 6-59 months participants were enrolled. OUTCOME MEASURES: A weight-for-height z-score, which is below -2 SD of the WHO median standard curve, was used to measure wasting. Logistic regression analyses were done to see which independent variables have an association with the dependent variable and a p value of <0.05 was considered significant at the 95% CI. RESULTS: The result revealed that wasting in children aged 6-59 months was 6.2%. Children in the age group of 6-11 months were 4.3 times more likely to have wasted than those in the age group of 24-59 months (adjusted OR (AOR): 4.3; 95% CI: 1.5 to 12.5). Similarly, parents who have poor wealth status in their family are 3.1 times more likely to have wasted children than those who have rich wealth status in their family (AOR: 3.1 (1.01 to 9.35)). Moreover, mothers who gave birth at the age group of 20-25 years were 4.3 times more likely to have wasted children than those who gave birth at an age group of greater than 30 years (AOR: 4.3 (4.3 (1.56 to 12.5)). CONCLUSION: Wasting is still an important public health problem for children in the age group of 6-59 months. The age of the child, the wealth status of the family, and giving birth before 20 years of age were significantly associated with wasting. Therefore, the government of Ethiopia should pay further attention to the wealth status of the family; create awareness among the mothers regarding childhood undernutrition care, and design further nutritional intervention programmes.

Implementation fidelity of infection prevention practices at Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare-Acquired Infections are a major problem in the world and within the healthcare delivery system. An estimated 5-10% and around 25% of hospitalized patients have healthcare-acquired infections in developed and developing countries, respectively. Infection prevention and control programs have proven to be successful in lowering the incidence and spread of infections. Thus, this evaluation aims to evaluate the implementation fidelity of infection prevention practices at Debre Tabor comprehensive specialized hospital in Northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A facility-based cross-sectional design with a concurrent mixed method was used to evaluate the implementation fidelity of infection prevention practices. A total of 36 indicators were used to measure adherence, participant responsiveness, and facilitation strategy dimensions. A total of 423 clients were administered for an interview, an inventory checklist, a document review, 35 non-participatory observations, and 11 key informant interviews were conducted. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors significantly associated with the satisfaction of clients. The findings were presented using descriptions, tables, and graphs. RESULT: The overall implementation fidelity of the infection prevention practices was 61.8%. The dimensions of adherence to infection prevention and control guidelines were 71.4%, participant responsiveness was 60.6%, and facilitation strategy was 48%. In multivariable analysis, ward admission and educational level had a p-value of below 0.05 and were significantly associated with the satisfaction of clients with infection prevention practices at the hospital. The major themes that emerged in qualitative data analysis were healthcare worker-related factors, management-related factors, and patient- and visitor-related factors. CONCLUSION: The evaluation result of this study concluded that the overall implementation fidelity of infection prevention practice was judged to be medium and needed improvement. It included dimensions of adherence and participant responsiveness that were rated as medium, as well as a facilitation strategy that was rated as low. Enablers and barriers were thematized into factors related to healthcare providers, management, institutions, and patient and visitor relations.

Escalating the limit of median survival time and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates in Northwest Ethiopia, 2021: a 1-year prospective follow-up study.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the survival rate and predictors of mortality among preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit at South Gondar public hospitals, 2021. DESIGN: Prospective follow-up study. SETTING: South Gondar public hospitals, Northwest, Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS: We recruited 283 preterm neonates who were admitted at neonatal intensive care unit at selected hospitals from 15 February 2020 to 22 January 2021. OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure of this study was the survival rate of preterm neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. Moreover, the study assessed the predictors for the occurrence of mortality by the Cox-proportional hazard model. Data were entered into Epi data V.4.2 and exported to Stata V.14 statistical software for analysis. The log-rank test determines the survival difference between predictor variables. RESULTS: A total of 283 preterm neonates, 61 died during the follow-up. Born from antepartum haemorrhage mother (adjusted HR (AHR)=2.2 (95% CI 1.10 to 4.37)), being small weight for gestational age (AHR=4.6 (95% CI 2.22 to 9.53)), not having kangaroo mother care practice initiated (AHR=2.7 (95% CI 1.39 to 7.74)), hypothermia (AHR=4.0 (95% CI 1.96 to 8.30)) and perinatal asphyxia (AHR=3.9 (95% CI 1.97 to 7.94)) were significant predictors of preterm neonate mortality. CONCLUSION: In this study, the preterm neonates survival rate (78.4%) and the median survival time (21 days) were found to be low. Preventing and managing the predictors, including an antepartum haemorrhagic mother, small weight for gestational age, hypothermia and prenatal asphyxia, is crucial. In addition, more emphasis should be placed on initiating universal kangaroo mother care practice soon after birth to increase the survival of preterm neonates.

Incidence and Predictors of Aspiration Pneumonia Among Traumatic Brain Injury in Northwest Ethiopia.

Background: A significantly greater proportion of patients who die due to aspiration pneumonia were diagnosed with in-hospital aspiration pneumonia (19%). The incidence and major predictors are not known clearly, especially in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine the incidence and predictors of aspiration pneumonia among adult traumatic brain injury patients at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, Bahir Dar, North west Ethiopia, in 2021. Methods: An institution-based retrospective study was conducted from all admitted adult traumatic brain injury patients at Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020 for 51 days of survival. Descriptive statistics, Kaplan-Meier survival curve log rank test, and the Cox proportional hazard regression model were used. Results: A total of 396 adult patients diagnosed and admitted with traumatic brain injury in the past 5 years were included. Seventy patients (17.67%) developed aspiration pneumonia, providing an incidence rate of 32.39 (95% CI=25-62-40.94) per 1,000 person days of observation. Independent predictors were being referred for AHR (2.43; 95% CI=1.12-5.25), nasogastric tube insertion AHR (3.02; 95% CI=1.43-6.39), and baseline Glasgow coma scale <8 AHR (3.88; 95% CI=1.42-10.062). Conclusion: Having a nasogastric tube and low baseline Glasgow coma scale were significant predictors. This improves prehospital and hospital care during transportation and admission time.

Underweight and Its Associated Factors Among Children 6-59 Months of Age in Debre Tabor Town, Amhara Region of Ethiopia, 2019: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION: Even-thought malnutrition is a double burden now time being; under-nutrition among under-five year's children is a common public health problem, and it is one of the main reasons for the death of children in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of underweight among children age 6-59 months at Debre Tabor town Ethiopia, 2019. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on an underweight using cluster and systematic random sampling. A sample of 608 participants completed a questionnaire designed for the study. The questionnaire was coded and entered into Epi info version 7.2.0.1 and exported to SPSS 20.0 for data analysis. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compute family wealth status. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to see which independent variables have an association with the dependent variable, and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant at 95% CI. RESULTS: The result revealed that underweight for children age 6-59 months was 17.4% (95% CI: 14.5-20.6%). Fathers who have primary education levels were 2.13 times more likely to have under-weighted children than those who have secondary and above education levels [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.13; 95% CI: 1.19-3.80]. Similarly, parents who have poor wealth status in their family 2.2 times more likely to have underweight children than those who have rich wealth status in their family [AOR: 2.2 (1.21-4.09)]. However, on the sex of children being males were 1.8 times more likely to become underweight than females [AOR: 1.8 (1.14-2.85)]. CONCLUSION: Among under-nutrition problems of children age 6-59 months, underweight is still an important public health problem. Therefore, family education and family wealth status should be modified, and responsible bodies design further nutritional intervention programs.

Physical Violence and Associated Factors among Housemaids Living in Debre-Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia: Does Employer Alcohol Intake Increase Housemaid Violence?

BACKGROUND: Violence against women and girls continues to be a global epidemic, including Ethiopia. Housemaids are a neglected segment of the population, and there are no sufficient findings in our country. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of physical violence and associated factors among housemaids aged 15 years and above living in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia. METHODS: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia from April 1 to 30, 2018. A total of 634 housemaids were selected using cluster sampling method. Data were entered into Epi info version 7.2.2.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytic statistics. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify independent significant factors. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to report the strength of associations. RESULTS: From 634 housemaids that participated in the study, 235 (37.1%, 95% CI: 33.1-41.0) of them experienced at least one type of physical violence in their lifetime. Housemaids who previously lived in rural areas (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.61, 4.94), had high working experience (AOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.27, 3.71), not having parents (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.18, 3.46), being divorced (AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.31, 4.20), employer alcohol consumption (AOR = 4.97, 95% CI: 2.81, 8.79), and presence of extended family with employers (AOR = 2.26, 95% CI: 1.42, 3.59) were independently associated with the probability of housemaid physical violence. CONCLUSION: High prevalence of housemaid physical violence has been reported. Socio-demographic characteristics of both employers and employees and the behavioral characteristics of employers contributed to physical violence. It is important to give special attention to housemaids who came from rural areas and do not have parents. It is also important to make work experience of housemaids as short as possible.